Análise da correlação entre riscos operacionais de voo e condições meteorológicas no aeroporto de Campina Grande - PB.

Abstract

Adverse weather conditions have a considerable impact on the efficiency of airport activities. Decreased visibility, the occurrence of turbulence, low cloud height, the presence of strong winds and the intensity of rain are some of the main atmospheric phenomena frequently observed at airports. As a result, flight delays, diversions and cancellations may occur, as well as a reduction in the operational capacity of airports during periods of high passenger flow. Furthermore, accidents can also occur because of these conditions. Assessing the influence of significant weather events on aviation is, therefore, an essential element to improve the decision-making process and improve airport performance. The airport selected for this study is in the city of Campina Grande in the state of Paraíba and has been managed by AENA since the first half of 2020. In this context, the objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of meteorological phenomena on delays and/or cancellations of flights at João Suassuna Airport (SBKG), located in Campina Grande, Paraíba, from 2013 to 2020 from March to July. It was possible to observe that visibility at SBKG airport is limited, predominantly due to the humid fog. Up to 1000 m, the main weather condition is fog. Cloud cover at SBKG airport is predominantly caused by scattered clouds and overcast skies. Flights from the busiest airports in Brazil (SP and RJ) to SBKG occur at times when wet mist and fog weather events commonly occur. In relation to flights to Campina Grande airport, the main causes of delays and cancellations are technical-operational issues and operational restrictions, according to data from ANAC's VRA. The risks identified at Campina Grande airport, according to ICAO, involve the categories of controlled flight to terrain (CFIT), runway excursions (RE), bird collisions (BS) and risks of collision in flight due to lack of a flight tower control (MAC). Observations indicate that on the days analyzed the crosswind was predominant on 03/01/2020 (78.6%), while on 06/14/2017 and 06/15/2017 the headwind was predominant (56.4% ).