Perfil e percepção socioambiental do setor madeireiro no Município de Cajazeiras, Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

Man has used wood for his daily needs, demonstrating its potentiality in the several areas, be it for use in industries, furniture or civil construction. Therefore, the objective of this work was to characterize the socio-environmental situation of the wood sector of the city of Cajazeiras - PB from the point of view of its products, the generated residues and the environmental perception of those involved in the sector. To do so, a survey was made of the establishments of the timber sector, where 25 people were willing to contribute to the research, responding to a semi-structured questionnaire, which addressed general aspects about the establishment, logistics of the establishment, generation and destination of solid and the environmental perception of the interviewees. The data obtained were organized and systematized through tabulation and the Likert scale was adopted for the environmental perception. Although most establishments have existed for a long time in the timber market, they still have a precarious structure in terms of development and innovation. These differences are tied to the financial difficulties, which lead many companies to maintain the standard of work and its structure. The raw material used is summarized in solid wood and MDF, coming from the North and Northeast region, respectively. Regarding the use of solid wood, 15 species were mentioned, with emphasis on Freijó (Cordia sp. Boraginaceae) and Cedro (Cedrela sp. Meliaceae), which, in order to reach the final product, undergo a sequence of production within the establishments, generating miscellaneous residues such as dust, sawdust, etchings, chips and debris, which have as their main destination the donation, disposal in the common trash and burning. In view of this, it was observed that lack of information about the ways of re-using and the benefits brought by this is undoubtedly a factor that interferes in the development of establishments. This was confirmed by analyzing the environmental perception, in which 12% of establishments obtained a critical level of perception, 84% conflicting level and only 4% reached a level considered good or great. Although most of them are concerned about environmental issues, their practices do not reflect this, and measures of environmental adequacy are needed in every productive sector. Thus, in the face of the changes that have been compromising the quality of the environment, the environmental theme should be the subject of discussion within the work environment. One of the most relevant themes is the intense generation of solid waste within the timber production process, since inadequate disposal, besides not bringing financial returns, damages the environment and the health of the population.