SILVA, J. E.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0490150312931543; SILVA, José Erivaldo da.
Résumé:
Even in the midst of global discussions on sustainable development, many countries still
face problems related to the environment and, above all, related to water resources. In Brazil,
there has been a growing process of environmental degradation in recent decades, leading
the country to create management mechanisms, such as laws and decrees created from the
perspective of protecting the environment and environmental resources, regulating the
National Policy for Water Resources (PNRH), offering elements that provide the Federated
States with the management of their resources based on democratic and participatory
management, Thus, and based on the management of water resources, based on the
Sustainable Development Goals 3 SDGs, and irrigated family farming in a semi-arid region,
the present research aimed to propose a methodology for evaluating the sustainability of
Family Farming, through the use of irrigation systems for agricultural production in the
semi-arid region in Municipalities of Paraíba. Among the characteristics intended and
incorporated into the model, its ability to interrelate the efficient use of water in productive
family units in different alternative irrigation systems linked to the SDGs of the 2030 Agenda
stands out, in addition to these, other possible and operationally viable aspects that may exist
in any irrigation system in a family unit were incorporated. Its idealization was designed in
such a way as to enable the perfect adequacy, implementation and operationalization,
especially in relation to the use of water resources in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The
process of creating the evaluation methodology was set up and tested in the Municipality of
Cabaceiras-PB in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, Eastern Cariri of the State, using reservoir
resources and controlled by pumping and stored in a water tank to measure the data, which
were obtained in three different moments, these were analyzed in an integrated way via the
proposed evaluation methodology considering the water consumption per system, The
implementation costs, production and scale returns in the period of one year, then it was
projected for a new period following the same conditions, in order to obtain data that
validated or not the methodology, assuming possible scenarios using or not the use of
groundwater, for each scenario two situations were admitted: use of the most efficient
system in the use of water regardless of the productive result or use of the system with better
productive results regardless of water consumption; The results demonstrate that all the
tested systems are efficient in terms of water consumption, production and provide
satisfactory returns on an economic scale, since the difference between the results is
balanced given the small distance in the scale of production and water consumption, the
condition demonstrated the efficiency of the system and its sustainability. Providing
opportunities for the family living in the semi-arid region to produce and increase family
income from irrigated production in controlled reservoirs, such as equipment such as artesian
wells, cisterns and/or dams, as long as they are capable of supplying more than twenty
thousand liters of water per production cycle.
