Diagnóstico do gerenciamento de resíduos de construção e demolição: um estudo de caso em empresas no município de Patos - PB.

Abstract

The construction sector, crucial to the Brazilian economy, plays a significant role in GDP growth and job creation. However, this sector presents environmental challenges, mainly in relation to the management of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW). Thus, given the high relevance of the sustainable construction paradigm, the present work aimed to carry out a diagnosis of CDW management in construction companies in the municipality of Patos-PB, verifying the actions that are adopted and establishing improvement proposals, aiming to alleviate the incorrect disposal of this waste. Three construction companies were chosen, called 1, 2 and 3, focusing on small and medium-sized residential construction, comprising built areas of up to 300m². The methodology adopted included the application of questionnaires, on-site visits to observe the adopted CDW management practices, photographic records, estimated calculation of the volume of CDW generated and comparative analysis of the data. The results revealed discrepancies in appropriate management practices, highlighting Construction Company 1 as the largest generator of waste (with 12.4% wood, 36.7% bricks and 50.8% cardboard), while Construction Company 3 adopted more sustainable management practices, generating only plastic (44.3%) and cardboard (55.7%) and reusing some waste on construction sites. Finally, the urgency to improve waste management practices in civil construction stands out, as well as investment in awareness raising for the correct segregation and recycling of CDW in construction sites, given that the majority of materials identified in the construction companies studied presented considerable potential for reuse or recycling.