SANTOS, K. C.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648653833460165; SANTOS, Katiana Campos dos.
Resumo:
The research discusses the situation of quilombola communities in Paraíba,
problematizing the obstacles to the realization of territorial rights. The research used
data from the Fundação Cultural Palmares (FCP), the National Institute of Colonization
and Agrarian Reform (INCRA), in addition to materials from non-governmental
organizations (NGOs). Theoretically, we sought to discuss the emergence of the
category – quilombo remnants – and the challenges posed to understanding a
phenomenon that, although contemporary, indicates a link with a past. We surveyed
academic works that developed research on quilombola themes, with an emphasis on
the territory of Paraíba. With the promulgation of the Federal Constitution in 1988, we
began to recognize the existence of quilombos in contemporary times and the right to
ethnically differentiated territory. In the legal arrangement, it was defined that the FCP
would be responsible for issuing the Certificate of Self-Recognition, the first step in
establishing the demand for legal recognition of the territory occupied and/or claimed
as the ethnic territory of the quilombola community. There are obstacles that prevent
the recognition of territorial rights, such as the lack of budgetary allocation to carry out
the Technical Reports on Identification and Title of the Quilombola Territory (RTID),
and the lack of a technical team prepared to carry out the same. We conclude that the
legal framework is fundamental, however, it is not sufficient to guarantee economic
resources to carry out the work necessary for the production of the RTID, as well as
the political difficulties to overcome bureaucratic delays. We highlight that Paraíba is
the state in the Northeast region of Brazil with the lowest number of certified and titled.