Veículos elétricos: as tecnologias disponíveis em 2023.

Abstract

Vehicles powered by electricity tend to become increasingly common in the daily life of Brazilian society, taking into account the global concern with the impacts generated by the emission of polluting gases from vehicles powered by fossil fuels. Therefore, the objective of this study is to conduct a literature review on electric vehicles (EVs), presenting a brief historical perspective as well as general data on the operation of EVs, their main components, and charging systems. In a second moment, an analysis of the technologies available in the field of EVs in June 2023 in the main markets (China, United States, and Europe) and the Brazilian market is carried out, in order to identify the data on the electrification of the fleet of light motor vehicles (cars) over the years, public policies, the supporting infrastructure found in the aforementioned countries. Finally, the possible consequences of the insertion of EVs into the power grid and the prospects for the future are demonstrated.