Testando a isotropia estatística do universo usando dados de ondas de rádio.

Abstract

We know that cosmology studies the cosmos, that is, the universe from its origin, structure, and evolution. Over the years, new discoveries have been made, and one of these discoveries was made by Hubble, in which the researcher observed that galaxies were becoming increasingly distant from each other and, at the same time, were moving away more quickly [1]. The aim of our work is to find the Statistical Isotropy of the Universe, using radio wave data. In view of this, we downloaded a catalog (NVSS) through the Vizier Site [2] to analyze the number of galaxies in the sky. As a result, we were able to show an overview of the Catalog that was used to obtain the data, and all the methods, including the procedures we used to download the table to the computer and we were able to describe the python libraries that we used to find the number of galaxies. Finally, we constructed the graphs using matplotlib in Equatorial and Galactic Coordinates, as well as healpy. Following that, we applied a mask (The mask is a way to filter data, keeping only the objects that meet certain conditions, while objects that do not satisfy these conditions are excluded or ignored) to the map, and then applied it to the table. As a result, we outlined the path we followed in the Jupyter notebook, from library creation to graph generation, in case someone wishes to reproduce these maps.