Um método para instalação ótima de microrredes para minimizar as perdas de energia em sistemas de distribuição

Abstract

This Thesis proposes a method for the optimal installation of one or several microgrids in distribution systems. Microgrids include wind and photovoltaic generation and electrical energy storage arrangements. The proposed method contributes to reducing technical losses of electrical energy over a period of 10 years and to evaluating the performance of microgrids with a high penetration of renewable energy, in addition to having the f lexibility to change microgrid configurations. The method considers different levels of penetration, as the future of the power system will require this condition. The Genetic Algorithm meta-heuristic was used as a tool to solve the proposed optimization problem. To calculate the power flow, the OpenDSS software is used, which must respect the voltage limits imposed by the National Electric Energy Agency- ANEEL. The case studies were divided considering different levels of maximum renewable energy penetration. Analysis of the results showed that the proposed method was able to install microgrids reducing electrical energy losses, as well as estimating the costs of the optimal solutions found after the optimization process. A differentiator of the method is the possibility of using it even with a high penetration of renewable generation, in addition to considering a 10-year horizon. The proposed method is simple, fast and efficient, and was applied to the IEEE 123 bus test system, being able to define the number and location of microgrids, achieving success in the case studies.