Integração entre modelos hidrológicos e sistemas de informações geográficas: uma avaliação metodológica.

Abstract

Initially, the principal aim of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrated with hydrological models was to simplify the data management between the model, mathematical equations, maps of the region studied and numerical data, and to allow the spatial visualization and evaluation of results. Actually, there are many methodologies of integration of hydrologic models and GIS and this work has the objective to discuss the differences and difficulties of coupling these two tools (GIS and Models) developing the systematization of these methodologies. It was established three classification criteria based on a extensive bibliography review and the most of coupling methods was indentified and classified in these criteria. It was realized a comparative analysis using the KINEROS2 model with two different coupling approaches (ArcGIS and OpenJUMP) applied to the same study area: the experimental basin of São João do Cariri. The developed criteria are representative of actual practices for users and developers that can make a better choice about tools (GIS and Models) based on the specific application. Finally, the two applications evaluated was successfully considering the limits from each other propose tool and this work presents the advantages of using GIS integrated with hydrologic modeling especially by automating processes and graphical interfaces that support data entry.