Políticas e ações indigenistas no Posto Indígena Nísia Brasileira/PB e os Potiguara (1930-1967).

Abstract

The Serviço de Proteção aos Índios (Indian Protection Service) operated from 1910 to 1967 as the main apparatus of the Brazilian state for managing relations with indigenous people in Brazil. The agency was set up with the precept of integrating indigenous peo-ples into Brazilian society, based on surveillance and control of indigenous populations and their territories by Regional Inspectorates (IR) and Indigenous Posts (PI). In this sense, this qualitative research, in the field of Brazilian History, aims to understand the relationship between the indigenist action carried out by the Nísia Brasileira/PB Indigenous Post and the indigenist policy of the Indian Protection Service. To this end, we sought to study the indigenist policies from 1930 to 1967 and historicize the indigenist action of the Nísia Brasileira IP based on the interpretation of the main bibliographic productions. With these objectives in mind, we drew on Lima's (1995) contributions on indigenism, indigenist policy and indigenist action to carry out an interpretative reading of the contributions by Amorim (1970), Baumann (1981), Peres (1992), Palitot (2005) (2011), Lucena (2017) and Marcolino (2022). As a result, we understand the Indian Protection Service as an agency that, throughout the 20th century, operationalized indigenous policies favorable to social and economic development projects, seeking to make indigenous people useful to the country by taking advantage of their labor and the resources of the territories. In the work of PI Nísia Brasileira, we see the agency's ineffectiveness in guaranteeing the rights of the Potiguaras and the presence of tactics such as leasing, insularization of indigenous lands and attempts at demarcation to consolidate the power of the indigenous agency on the local scene, in order to control and transform the Potiguara into national workers, as well as exploit the resources of their lands.