SILVA, W. L.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4155921514988097; SILVA, Wemilly Lucena.
Resumo:
Given the high demand for water resources in the textile industry and the growing concern
for sustainability, new methods for wastewater treatment have emerged in recent years.
The use of membranes for the treatment of these effluents stands out as an effective and
promising alternative due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. In this
context, the study of accessible and low-cost raw materials for the production of ceramic
membranes becomes essential for the development of sustainable and economical
solutions for textile effluent treatment. In this work, low-cost ceramic membranes were
developed using chocobofe clay, sugarcane bagasse ash (CBCA), and kaolin, with the
aim of treating textile effluents. The raw materials were characterized by techniques such
as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA), and particle size and distribution analysis. The membranes were then
produced with CBCA proportions ranging from 0 to 50%, through dry uniaxial pressing
in a hydraulic press, under a pressure of 1 ton and molding time of 60 seconds, followed
by sintering at 650 °C for 3 hours. The resulting ceramic membranes were characterized
by a series of techniques: XRD, linear diameter shrinkage, mass loss, density, apparent
porosity, water absorption, mechanical strength, contact angle, and pure water flux. They
were also evaluated for their efficiency in rejecting methylene blue dye solution and
recyclability. The ceramic membranes showed porosity between 41.45 and 44.82 %,
suggesting that the addition of CBCA had little influence on this property, and the average
pore radius ranged from 0.23 to 0.27 μm. A decrease in the mechanical strength of the
membranes was observed, from 40.05 to 10.36 MPa as CBCA was added to the
composition. The pure water flux and permeate flux increased with higher CBCA
concentration in the membranes. In the rejection of methylene blue dye, all ceramic
membranes demonstrated high efficiency, with rejection rates ranging from 99.90 to
97.70 %. The recyclability test evaluated the C30 and C50 ceramic membranes'
performance over an extended period, indicating better results in the C30 membrane. A
preliminary cost estimate showed that the raw material costs ranged from R$ 37.40 to R$
61.17 per square meter, and the total cost, including energy costs, ranged from R$ 901.24
to R$ 929.27 per square meter.