Prevenção de infecção do trato urinário associado a cateter vesical em terapia intensiva: revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Indwelling urinary catheterization involves the insertion of a catheter through the urethra into the bladder to facilitate urine drainage. Despite its association with urinary tract infections, this procedure is strongly recommended for critically ill patients. Effective prevention of these infections depends on the proficiency and experience of the healthcare team, especially the nursing team, who provides comprehensive care to patients. Objective: To analyze scientific publications related to the prevention of urinary tract infections associated with urinary catheters in intensive care. Methodology: Integrative literature review, developed according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) recommendation. Articles published in Portuguese and English in the last 5 years, with a time frame from 2019 to 2023, in the databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Nursing Database (BDENF) through the Virtual Health Library (VHL) were included. Duplicate articles, review studies and those that did not respond to the research objective were excluded. To obtain the data, a data collection instrument constructed by the author himself was used, subsequently, a sample composed of 12 articles was selected at the end of the bibliographic survey. Results: It was identified that most of the articles were published in the United States. Regarding the method

used, it was observed that 91.6% were studies with Level of Evidence (LE) II, with a quasi- experimental design, studies without randomization with a single group, pre- and post-test,

time series or case-control. It is evident that multiple interventions, designed and executed correctly, considerably reduce the number of infections, requiring knowledge and adherence to preventive measures, skills, techniques and constant training for the entire multidisciplinary health team. Conclusion: It was found that there was great difficulty in providing a scientific basis; it is expected that the investigation will stimulate new research and technologies related to the subject, highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary approaches, rigorous surveillance and continuous care and research efforts to minimize the incidence/prevalence of urinary catheter infections in critically ill patients.