Alterações hematológicas associadas à infecção pelo vírus da dengue: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Dengue is a viral infection transmitted by the bite of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The virus has four known serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4, all of which belong to the Flaviviridae family. The disease generally manifests in two forms: Classic Dengue, characterized by high fever (up to 40°C), joint pain, muscle pain, and retro-orbital pain; and Severe Dengue, which is mainly characterized by the onset of hemorrhagic events. The global incidence of dengue has increased drastically in recent decades, with Brazil being particularly affected, accounting for 82% of the suspected cases and deaths worldwide. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the main hematological changes associated with dengue virus infection. This is a narrative literature review, aiming to identify articles that depict the current situation of hematological changes in patients with dengue; and it was conducted in the scientific databases PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and the Virtual Health Library (BVS). Eighteen articles were selected on the topic, which provided information on the hematological profile of individuals with dengue virus. It was found that the most frequently associated hematological changes in individuals infected with the dengue virus were thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and increased hematocrit.