Incorporação de resíduos de caulim em argamassas para uso na construção civil.

Abstract

The mining industries generate to each year an enormous amount of solid residues, mainly the companies of primary kaolin improvement. The generated kaolin residues are discarded indiscriminately on vegetation, next the bodies to water and in edges of roads, provoking impacts to the environment and harming the quality of life of the population, that lives in around of the industries. By this reason, governing, entrepreneurs, ambientalists and the community in general are worried about the great pollution and ambient impact caused by these residues. This work has as objective to study incorporation of the kaolin residues in mortars for use in civil construction. In this research assays of physical, chemical, mineralogical and ambient characterization had been carried through, such as: granulometric analysis by laser diffraction, chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetrie and thermodifferential analysis, solubilize and leaching in accordance with the norms of the ABNT. For the technological assays the indices of pozzolanic activity of the residues in the natural state and calcined in the temperature of 600ºC during the period of two hours had been studied. The traces for mortars of nesting and covering had been incorporated with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of kaolin residue with and without calcination, in substitution to the part of the cement. The gotten results had shown that the calcined residues had presented high pozzolanic activity and resistence the simple compression. The residues without calcination incorporated up to 10% in the traces of mortars, had inside presented behavior mechanical of the norms of the ABNT, and finally we conclude that viability exists technique of the use for residue for the use in the civil construction in mortars of nesting and covering of masonry.