Bioatividade de óleos fixos na manutenção da qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de feijão Phaseolus vulgaris armazenadas e no controle do caruncho Zabrotes subfasciatus.

Abstract

It was proposed in this work was to study the quality of seeds of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) treated with vegetable oils of castor, soybean and ‘oiticica’ during five months of storage. Initially, seeds were characterized for physical purity, moisture, germination, vigor and development of insect pests; after treatment were stored in PET packaging type in the environment without control of temperature and relative humidity. Every 30 days, until the fifth month, the analysis of moisture content, germination, vigor and density were repeated. The design was completely randomized and treatments in a factorial scheme, the quantitative factors were analyzed by the regression analysis of variance. From the results obtained it was concluded that the vegetable oils used in the treatment of bean seeds Phaseolus were efficient in maintaining the viability and control of insect pest infestation by storage Zabrotes subfasciatus during the five months of storage, and oil oiticica presented the best medium for germination and vigor, compared to those treated with castor oil and soybeans. Myrtle oil was also the most efficient in controlling Z. subfasciatus. For the moisture content of bean seeds soya oil was what kept the seeds with lower values of moisture throughout the storage period. There was also reduced efficiency of the oils in their smallest doses and the dose of 4.5 mL for 500 g of seeds, the most effective for all variables.