SOARES, A. K. C.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5155165212336966; SOARES, Ana Karla Crispim.
Resumo:
Water is the most characteristic and abundant constituent of the Earth. Well common
and essential to humanity, is the most diverse purposes, provided for human
consumption until the industrial use, can be characterized as a form of energy more
essential to life and the maintenance of ecosystems. Despite its enormous importance
and essentiality to the existence of life on earth there is an earnestness unacceptable as
the management and conservation of water resources of our planet. Because of this
quest is to improve the quality of life and minimize the problem of lack of drinking
water, this work aims at evaluating the process of desalination by reverse osmosis using
solar photovoltaics, their energy consumption and costs. For that has been developed
and installed at the Reference Laboratory in Desalination (LABDES), at the Federal
University of Campina Grande, a system consists of two membranes, reverse osmosis,
powered by a set of sixteen photovoltaic panels. The performance of the system was
evaluated with sodium chloride solutions with concentrations ranging from 1000, 1200,
1500 and 2000 mg/L. Variables measures such as: pressure, voltage, current flow and
which were obtained through the electric sensors and stored on the computer by the
Software Data Aquisition allowed to assess the following parameters: current, voltage
of the engine, electric power, flow rates of the permeate and concentrate , retrieval and
consumption of energy per m3 of water produced. Concentrations of water, food
irradiation and solar influence considerably the pressure, and consequently the
production of water permeate. The system showed technical conditions to produce 0.17
m³ / h of desalinated water at a cost of $ 6.78.