Abstract:
Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs when there is cardiac injury due to
poor oxygen circulation, leading to tissue necrosis in the heart. This injury can be aggravated
by a notable diagnosis of COVID-19, as the viral disease can trigger cardiac complications and
exacerbate pre-existing heart conditions. Objectives: To analyze data before and after the
COVID-19 pandemic in order to build a profile of AMI. Methodology: A quantitative and
qualitative, documentary, cross-sectional, and descriptive research approach, aiming to analyze
DATASUS data on acute myocardial infarction in the pre- and post-pandemic context, as well
as reports of AMI cases in Brazil. Results: It was observed that, within the period studied, there
was an annual average of 13,546 deaths per year, with the highest number recorded in 2022.
Despite the increase in the number of cases related to the pandemic, the predominant profile
remains male, elderly, white, and from the Southeast region. Conclusion: After the pandemic, there
was a significant increase in both the number of deaths and hospitalizations due to acute myocardial
infarction (AMI). This reality can be explained by several hypotheses, such as changes in lifestyle habits
or the sequelae resulting from COVID-19 infection. In this context, continuous monitoring of AMI cases
is essential, as the most effective prevention occurs at the primary level, through the adoption of healthy
lifestyle habits and the mitigation of modifiable risk factors.
