FAREL, J. S.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5643418654742421; FAREL, Johnnathan Sperandio.
Resumen:
The concept of gravitational lensing helps us understand how the gravity of massive compact
objects deflects light from distant stars, resulting in distorted and magnified images. Thus,
gravitational lenses provide information about the curvature of spacetime around compact
astrophysical objects such as neutron stars, galaxies, black holes, wormholes, etc. In this
work, we consider spherically symmetric, static, and asymptotically flat spacetimes, and
explore fundamental concepts of General Relativity to obtain the necessary expressions
(deflection angle of a particle subjected to the gravitational force), in the limits of weak
and strong gravitational field. We examine the conditions for this optical phenomenon and
provide a visual representation for the cases of a Schwarzschild black hole and a Reissner
Nordström black hole. To analyze the optical properties associated with these specific types
of black holes, we plot the trajectories of the curves corresponding to the paths of light
around the black hole for different impact parameters, using the graphical representations
of the Mathematica software. We hope that this study of optical phenomena due to the
gravitational effects that influence the trajectory of light around black holes will bring
an understanding of the observational evidence of these objects that is available to the
scientific community today.
