Eficiência produtiva, melhoramento genético e evolução da criação de suínos na agricultura comercial: uma revisão sistemática de 2018 a 2022.

Abstract

This systematic review aimed to analyze and synthesize the most relevant studies from 2019 to 2022 on productive efficiency, genetic improvement, and the evolution of commercial pig farming. Studies addressing practices and technologies related to pig production, including aspects such as management, nutrition, health, animal welfare, and sustainability, were selected. The results of this review highlighted the importance of genetic improvement in obtaining more productive pigs, resistant to diseases, and with better meat quality. The application of modern techniques, such as genomics and markerassisted selection, has allowed for a more precise and efficient selection of breeding animals, contributing to the improvement of desirable traits in pigs. Additionally, the evolution of commercial pig farming has been driven by advances in areas such as nutrition, management, reproduction, and animal welfare. The use of balanced and specific diets for each growth stage of pigs, combined with good management practices and biosecurity, has contributed to better productivity and a healthier and more comfortable environment for the animals. The systematic review also highlighted the importance of sustainability in pig farming, with the adoption of practices aimed at reducing environmental impact, efficient use of natural resources, and respect for animal welfare.