Sustentabilidade e microcervejarias: a utilização da P+L no processo de produção de cervejas artesanais.

Abstract

Beer is currently the most widely consumed alcoholic beverage in the world, and the third most popular beverage overall, behind only water and tea. The craft beer manufacturing segment in Brazil has grown exponentially in recent years. In 10 years, Brazil grew from 70 to 700 breweries, obtaining formal registration, closing 2018 with 889 breweries in operation. These industries use significant amounts of water resources and generate waste during production that causes environmental damage, making it essential to carry out a detailed analysis of beer production to identify opportunities to minimize losses, bringing socioeconomic and environmental benefits, and helping to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDGs 6, SDGs 7, SDGs 12, SDGs 8, SDGs 9, SDGs 10 and SDGs 11. In view of this, this project aims to propose better alternatives for optimizing craft beer production through cleaner production tools, aiming at sustainable production in the manufacture of the aforementioned product. A survey was carried out in two databases: Web of Science and 10 Scopus. Based on the information obtained from the articles, a checklist was developed to analyze the sector's production chain. Three breweries located in the state of Paraíba (Cabedelo, João Pessoa and Campina Grande) were analyzed. Then, indicators were developed in the area of Cleaner Production (P+L) and validated by a group of experts. After validation, the indicators were applied to the three microbreweries chosen for this research. The proposed indicators were divided into four variables: Water, Electricity and Solid Waste, and Environmental Education. Four indicators were for the water variable, three for the energy variable, three for the solid waste variable and one indicator for the environmental education variable. Based on the diagnosis and application of the indicators, it was observed that self-generation of energy brings a significant reduction in relation to the economic and environmental costs of the brewery. It should be added that during bottling, recyclable waste such as plastic, cardboard and glass can be generated and must be separated and, as in the case of organic waste, these can be sold, resulting in an economic and environmental gain.