Gestão e governança no Capitaloceno: framework heurístico de resiliência socioecológica no Sistema APA Aldeia Beberibe, Recife-PE.

Abstract

This thesis investigates the management and governance of the Aldeia Beberibe Environmental Protection Area (APA), in Pernambuco, from the perspective of the Capitalocene, with the aim of developing a heuristic framework for socioecological resilience capable of addressing the complex challenges arising from the nature-society divide, the asymmetries of power, and the diversity of interests that permeate the system. The central problem of the research lies in the difficulty of constructing a civilizing project and reconciling conflicting interests in the APA in the face of the hegemonic pressures of capital and its socioenvironmental consequences. To this end, an applied, exploratory, and explanatory research methodology was adopted, configured as a case study. Data collection was based on documentary research (with emphasis on the minutes of the APA Management Council meetings from 2015 to 2024, the Management Plan, and project reports), complemented by participant observation and ethnographic microanalysis. Data analysis was guided by the complexity approach, applying the methodological principles of complex thinking and resilience assessment (RA) adapted from the Resilience Alliance, from a perspective of triangulation of methods and dialectical hermeneutics. The results revealed that the Aldeia Beberibe APA constitutes a complex Socioecological System (SSE), marked by intense interactions and vulnerabilities to the impacts of human action, such as deforestation of 189 hectares, loss of 335,307 trees and reduction of forest connectivity by up to 87%. The manifestation of environmental racism was highlighted, which disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, such as those suffering from climate catastrophes and neglect of infrastructure. The analysis of the effectiveness of the Management Council's actions demonstrated both advances in self-organization and persistent governance challenges, especially in intergovernmental coordination and in the management of conflicts of interest, notably in relation to the Water Source Protection Law and the licensing of large projects that occur without due knowledge of the APA's management. The proposed heuristic framework is considered to contribute to strengthening the overall resilience of the APA, offering a guide to improve intergovernmental integration, strengthen social participation and develop adaptive conservation strategies.