Arranjos de membranas de osmose inversa: avaliação e comparação do desempenho de pequenos sistemas.

Abstract

The present work aims at to evaluate the performance of a desalination machine throw reverse osmosis process build with three elements of membranes. The experiment used different types of arrangements: three in parallel (3-MP), 3 in series (3-MS) and 2 in parallel with third in series (2-MP/1-MS). The experiments had been carried through in the Uruçu community searched on city of São João do Cariri – PB. The water of feed used with about 2,000 mg/L of dissolved salts deriving of a mixture between the concentrated and the permeated of a desalination machine finds in the cited community. Experiments without and with chemical pre-treatment using HCl had been carried through (pH = 3) where evaluated the outflows of the concentrated and permeated, system recovery, temperature, pH, electric conductivity, Langelier Saturation Index (LSI), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and the outflow of the permeated for each arrangement. None of the arrangements had presented risk of precipitation for calcium carbonate on the elements of membranes in the experiments with and without chemical pre-treatment. For the TDS, the arrangement that presented the minor value without pre-treatment was the 3 - MP and with pre-treatment the 3 – MS. The biggest value for outflow of permeated without pre-treatment was found in 2-MP/1-MS and with pre-treatment for the arrangements 3 - MP and 2-MP/1-MS, were showed the same value.