Interfaces da gestão integrada de recursos hídricos - estudo de caso: o baixo curso do rio Paraíba e sua zona costeira.

Abstract

The National Water Resources Policy, Law 9.433/97, the National Coastal Management Plan, Law 7.661/88 and Federal Decree 5.300/04, establish, among their guidelines, the need for integration of water management with coastal management. Thus, the National Water Resources Council established the Technical Chamber of Integration of the Watershed Management and Estuarine and Coastal Zone Systems, which aims to analyze and propose mechanisms for the integration of the above policies, aimed at minimizing or solving conflicts of water resources use in the coastal environment. The inherent complexity of the interaction between watersheds and coastal areas and the multiple uses of water from upstream of the coastal zone of the basin, which reduce the rivers flow and, consequently, the availability of fresh water in the coastal region, may cause changes in the rivers bed of the coastal zone due to sediment deposition as well as changes in the flora and fauna of these regions demand continuous studies that address these interactions. As a case study, it was chosen the region of the lower course of the Paraiba river basin in reason of the water conflicts from the multiple uses of water as well as changes in the river bed. The objective is to compose a situational diagnosis to subsidize actions to minimize or solve the existent conflicts, given the application of different management and integrated tools. With a qualitative approach based on deductive method, utilizing the bibliographic and documentary research as an exploratory basis, an analysis of the legal and institutional interfaces is made, highlighting the possible operational links between the instruments of planning and management. The analysis of compatibility between management tools of the PNRH and PNGC, demonstrates that the linking between them is possible. It is recommended to the competent sector of the Paraíba state to provide the preparation of a Management Plan Coastal Zone and Coastal Ecological - Economic Zoning, articulated with the State Water Resources Plan and Plan Basin of the Paraíba River. From this, the committee of the Paraíba river basin and Coastal Management Commission shall coordinate actions in order to preserve the environment and provide the solution of conflicts arising from the multiple uses of water. It is concluded that process of integration between water management and coastal zone management involves the decentralization of power management, the participation of civil society and users, and the harmonization and inter-relationship of the components of water resources management with the coastal management and depends on coordination between federal, state and municipal levels, and each one has its own particular interests and ways to contribute to this integration.