Avaliação da resistência ao desgaste de revestimentos duros aplicados por soldagem em martelos trituradores de baterias automotivas.

Abstract

The premature wear sets and industrial components, as well as many of other segments, is a big factor for reducing operational efficiency of equipment, thus causing an increase in losses, and consequently in high cost of maintenance and replacement of mechanical components. This work presents a comparative analysis of the wear resistance of AISI 316 L steel automotive batteries crushers hammers repaired by welding process using three cobalt-based alloys: Stellite 1, 6 and 21, as well as, two welding deposition process: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and Plasma Transferred Arc with addition powder (PTA-P). Crushers hammers are originally made of stainless steel AISI 316 L with no coating. Besides the “in situ” wear resistance evaluation microhardness tests, microstructure and dilution analysis by optical microscopy and scanning electron were done to characterize and consolidate research in order to have a comparative study of best league and better deposition process. The results showed that the best alloy was Stellite 6 using the PTA-P process, which had the lowest mass loss in wear resistance tests, while the less favorable condition was for deposits made with the alloy Stellite 1 using the same deposition welding process. The average dilution of the alloys deposited by the SMAW process was 3.7 times higher than the average using the PTA-P process. The highest microhardness values were presented by Stellite 1 alloy deposit, with higher C content, which also provided a greater number of coating detachment. The deposits made by the process PTAP showed a more refined microstructure when compared to those deposited by the SMAW process