Avaliação comparativa dos parâmetros físico-químicos das regiões contempladas e não contempladas pela transposição do Rio São Francisco no Cariri Ocidental Paraibano.

Abstract

Water represents the source of life, because only that liquid which is responsible for maintaining the entire biosphere on earth, because it moves the economy and although this resource is found in abundance on the planet, only a small part of that water is considered appropriate for consumption. In today's world, there are various forms of water pollution, which makes this resource increasingly finite on the planet. Brazil has the privilege of holding the largest amount of fresh water available on the planet, but this resource is not well distributed in the country, and one of the regions most affected by this water inequality is the Brazilian Northeast. Thinking about the people from the Brazilian Northeast need for water, it was instituted the project of transposition of the São Francisco River, which diverted part of the course of water for feeding water sheds in the Northeastern states. Considering the quality of this transposition water, the present study aims at comparing the water quality of four municipalities in the Western Cariri region of Paraíba (Monteiro which receives water directly from the transposition), Camalaú (which receives the water from the transposition in the public reservoir), Prata and Sumé (public dams that do not receive water from the transposition), through physicochemical parameters such as ammonia, calcium, chloride, phosphate, magnesium, nitrate, nitrite, potassium, sodium and sulfate. The parameters were analyzed by a DIONEX ICS 1100 ion chromatograph, of the brand Termo Scientific®, through instrumental analysis. The results obtained were compared with there solution nº. 2914, of 2011 of the Ministry of Health for water for human consumption and the decree nº 357 of CONAMA. Among the analyzed parameters, only the ammonium ion presented a value superior to the CONAMA ordinance, nº. 357/2005. The other parameters are in agreement with there solution of the Ministry of Health and with the CONAMA ordinance. These results can serve as a basis for future work on the management of water resources.