Avaliação do potencial de produção de enzimas amilolíticas por fungos isolados da compostagem – uma enzima de interesse biotecnológico.

Abstract

Composting is a process of decomposition of organic matter and occurs as a result of the production of extracellular enzymes from microorganisms present in the system. Among the enzymes the amylolytic ones stand out. These enzymes are widely applied in biotechnological processes in the textile, pulp and paper, leather, detergent, distilled beverages, beers, baking, cereals for infant food, syrup production, animal feed, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The objective of the present work was to isolate fungi capable of producing amylolytic enzymes, in addition to monitoring temperature variation in a composting process. The collections were performed from the 10th day after the composter assembly and repeated every 15 days, totaling seven collections. At the time of collection the temperature was measured and samples were taken for fungal isolation. The enzymes production was verified by the agar gel diffusion method in Petri dishes containing starch for the determination of the amylolytic activity. The enzymatic indices (IE) were calculated by the relationship between the substrate degradation halo and the fungal growth halo. The temperature in the composting tank varied between 36 ° C and 43 ° C. During the collection, 36 fungal isolates were obtained, and six were obtained in the thermophilic phase. The higher IE were obtained among the isolated fungi in collections 3, 6 and 7. In view of the high IE values obtained it can be stated that the composting tank represents a potential site for the isolation of microorganisms with the capacity to produce enzymes of industrial interest , with the consequent development of enzymatic technologies.