Avaliação do desempenho do reator UASB no tratamento de esgoto doméstico mais lixiviado de aterro sanitário.

Abstract

With industrial growth and urbanization, solid waste generated by human activities has grown significantly, as well as domestic and industrial sewage, which cause pollution of the environment and endanger the health of the population. A liquid produced by the organic mass of the solid waste during the biological degradation process is the leachate, potentially dangerous due to its high organic and toxic load, requiring treatment prior to its launching in the receiving body. Therefore, it was necessary to treat domestic sewage and leachate together. The present work has the objective of evaluating the efficiency of the UASB reactor in the conjugated treatment of domestic sewage and leachate. The work was carried out in the Experimental Laboratory of Biological Treatment of Sanitary Sewers - EXTRABES, located in the District of Tambor in the city of Campina Grande, state of Paraíba. The experimental system was constructed with a polyethylene reservoir, 42 L UASB reactor and a reservoir where the UASB effluent was located. The analytical parameters monitored were pH, total alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, total COD and soluble COD, ammoniacal nitrogen and total suspended solids. Analyzing the data of this work, it can be verified that the pH values in the influent material and effluent of the reactor remained in the range of 7.72 and 7.62, maintaining reactor in stable conditions. The concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen was 156 mgN-NH4+/ L and 165 mgN-NH4+ / L. The efficiency of removal of total and filtered COD was 55% and 31.5%, being lower than the values found in the literature, which would be up to 70%. The removal efficiency of total suspended solids was 93.4%, but was not sufficient to maintain within the limits allowed by most state legislations. Thus, there is a need for post-treatment.