Anos noventa - um novo ciclo de desenvolvimento no Brasil: ilusão ou realidade?

Abstract

In this work we analyse the theoretical basis of changes occurred in national economy (monetary stabilisation, privatisation of state undertakings, enhancing of trade openness), and discusses the efficacy of these steps as inductors of a new increase/development stage in Brazilian economy. It is assumed that, from the 8(Ts on the capitalistic accumulation schema, which was leaded by Brazilian State, showed its weakness and claimed for changing. Now, at the end of the 90's, it is rational to reflect if the option chose by the governments and accepted by an important number of scholars has allowed a new period of increase/development. We challenged the assumptions of economists that have agreed on both the analysis and the set of steps chose by the governments in this period. We also took other analytical perspectives in order to have a wider range of interpretations and we used some data about national accountability made by IBGE. Despite the three governments deny it, we can show that the economic policies applied in Brazil were based on the thesis of the Washington Consent and we realised that after ten years the macroeconomic results of these steps are worse than those in the so called "lost decade"'. The Brazilian experience in the 90's has destroyed some neoliberal arguments, like the well known thesis according to which after the monetary stabilisation the country will grow up: Brazil had more than four years with monetary stabilisation and has grown less each next year.