SANTOS, J. R. L.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0151339020769257; SANTOS, José Ricardo Libardoni dos.
Resumen:
Starting from the beginning of the nineties, the Brazilian government gives
beginning to an opening process of the national economy to the exterior, through
expressive reductions in the aliquots of import of a wide range of products, what
ended up altering the operation certain sections significantly. In this context, the
present work looked for to analyze the particularities of the process of opening of the
national economy, as well as the impacts of this initiative on the wine and grape
production of Rio Grande do Sul. It was observed, therefore, that that process was
marked by the unilateraly, what implied in a subordinate insert to the interests of the
more advanced capitalist countries, reinforcing the liaisons of economic and political
dependence that historically marked the relationship among the central and outlying
countries. Now, a loss autonomy gradativa is observed in the execution of political
macroeconomicas, what has been implying in a deterioration of the basic beginnings
of the national sovereignty. In that way, the information analyzed in this study,
indicated that these changes in the international scenery ended up harming the
vitivinicultura gaucha. This section, that it was protected against the external
competition through tariffs of high imports until the beginning of the nineties, starts
to feel, starting from this moment, the effects of the opening politics. The most
important impacts were observed in the area planted with videiras and in the
production of grapes, that you/they passed of positive annual rates of growth between
1980 and 1989, for negative rates between 1990 and 1997, that is to say, after the
beginning of the opening process. The total marketed with wines and derived and the
total of grapes processed also presented significant fall, even so in relative terms. In
relation to the trade balance vitivinicola, a growth was observed in the total exports
and a quite significant increase in the total imports. This indicates that the fall in the
internal variables was a compensation of the growth of the imports, what takes to end
that happened a substitution of the production it interns for the production of the
countries traditional vitivinicolas, as for example France, Italy, Spain, Portugal,
Germany and Chile.