Estudo da etnobotânica de plantas medicinais no ensino fundamental com jovens em uma comunidade de Sumé-PB.

Abstract

This work aimed to carry out a study of ethnobotany from medicinal plants, with students from a rural community on level II Elementary School. For it, it was investigated: popular knowledge, their crops, acquisitions, parts of the plants used, way of preparation and the indicated number of plants per students. The data were collected in September 2017, based on semi-structured questionnaire, with 33 students from the 6th and 7th grades, aged between 11 and 17 years old during their science classes, in the Municipal Unit of Primary School and Secundary School José Bonifácio Barbosa de Andrade, located in Pio X district, Sumé – PB city. The results showed that 31 students (94%) could identify medicinal plants and 2 students (6%) did not know. In the acquisition of medicinal plants 27 students (82%) acquire in the forests, 22 students (67%) on backyards. Plant parts, 30 students (90%) use the peel, the leaves obtained 28 indications (85%), the roots 23 (70%); in the form of preparation: teas, 32 students (99%), syrup 25 (75%) and in natura 13 (39%). It was mentioned 38 species with 36 genera of medicinal plants among those interviewed. Among 25 botanical families, the largest number of species were: Anacardiaceae and Fabaceae with four (04) respectively, Lamiaceae and Rutaceae with three (03) each, Asteraceae with two (02), where there were (18) native and (20) cultivated. It was verified that even the students having access to conventional medicines, many of them keep the teachings passed on by their relatives, where still there is the tradition of searching on forests and cultivating medicinal plants in their backyards. Therefore, whether the schools are urban or rural, it would be interesting to teach popular knowledge, their traditional knowledge, as a way of pass along the study of contextualized ethnobotany.