Políticas hídricas sob o signo da convivência com o semiárido: desafios para a democratização das águas.

Abstract

The growing concern with scarcity, water and resource management have guided several debates about the development of water policies in the world. Brazil, as the world’s richest region in watersheds is suffering with loss of water, due to inaccessibility and lack of inappropriate handling of its use, mainly in northeast region. The persistence of serious troublesome refers to an existent dichotomy at the present among paradigms that aim to solve the water problems in the Brazilian semiarid region through water policies. The different guide paradigms of development models from Brazilian semiarid region, are founded in epistemic distinct bases, and materialized by strategies of fight against drought and by the culture of interaction with semiarid region. The research have sought to analyze the ways to face the “water problem” in semiarid, inspired by an idea of interaction and the debates around the democratization of access to water, in a context affected by strains to that water be treated as a product. The purpose is to analyze if the paradigms of interaction with semiarid have been composed as an extensive model to the formulating of water policies in the region, considering the several requests for water, in a field characterized by incessant conflict and for the water privatization treat, as also if its effectively represents a paradigm shift in relation to formulating water policies, thereby, overcoming which agreed to call of paradigms against drought. The literature review and the documentary studies allowed the redemption of the process of thoughts formulation about that reality as well as the identification of institutionalization ways and implementation of development preposition in the government initiatives and others social actors. The analysis results point that, in the face of a growing debate around of democratization of access to water and, especially the strain for its privatization, the paradigms of interaction with semiarid did not have been formed as a comprehensive model for the formulation of water policies in the region, takes into account the several requests for water. The development of water policies affected by the sense of interaction is still tied to the “paradigms of supply” that hinder the discussions of approach more politicized about the water problem, as also have not yet formed a way to the process of paradigmatic transition. In respect to the development of water policies in the semiarid region, since the form which interaction speech is set in its policies, seems to represent a sense of continuous heritage that will contract its own principle, having as background a not quite clear relation between the State and the civil society, that confirm the continuity of some old modus operandi, for instance the patronage that substantiated the policies against drought.