O reúso de água residual: uma análise legal das possibilidades e desafios para o setor agroindustrial de Sousa – PB.

Abstract

This article deals with a legal analysis of the possibilities and challenges regarding residual water reuse in the Sousa – PB agroindustrial sector, as a sustainable alternative to minimize the impacts of the water crisis. Regarding this issue, Law No. 9,433 / 97 called the National Policy on Water Resources (PNRH), Resolution No. 54/2005 of the National Water Resources Council (CNRH) and other general standards. In this sense, the objective is to analyze the existence of legal regulations at the local level, to implement the wastewater reuse system in agroindustrial enterprises accompanied by social, economic and environmental incentive. The research starts from the hypothesis that, in Brazil, the legislation that deals with water reuse is insufficient to make it an accessible measure of rational and efficient use of water; however, the municipality authorized in the mold of art. 30, item I of the Federal Constitution of 1988 (CF / 88) to legislate on matters of local interest, by means of a specific law. For this, the research has an exploratory and deductive nature, besides being descriptive. The results show that the implementation of the practice of wastewater reuse becomes feasible for the municipality, considering the jurisdiction of the local entity envisaged constitutionally. There are also theoretical constructions that highlight the viability of this mechanism, in addition to several examples already implemented in Brazil and in other countries, such as the United States and Israel, besides this practice considered according to UNESCO's report of 2017 as a global trend.