Ecofisiologia de limeira ácida tahiti condicionada a porta-enxertos de citros e salinidade da água.

Abstract

One of the obstacles to the high yield of citrus fruits in the northeast region is the scarcity of quality water for irrigation, since most of the water found in this region has a large amount of salts, limiting the growth and production of the plants. the use of genetic material with potential tolerance, aimed at improving production, in this region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ecophysiology of the Tahiti acid lime tree grafted on different genotypes from the progenies of the 'Sunki' tangerine, the 'Cravo' lemon tree and the Poncirus trifoliata under irrigation water salinity. The experiment was carried out under field conditions in the municipality of Pombal, Brazil, under semi - arid climatic conditions. For this, lysimeters with a capacity of 150 dm3 were used, in which 10 cup / rootstock combinations were studied for Tahiti grafted on 10 citrus genotypes (nine hybrids and one control), irrigated with two levels of salinity of water 0 , 3 and 3.0 dS m-1, making up a 10 x 2 factorial scheme. A randomized complete block design was used, with 3 replications, the plot consisting of one plant, totaling 60 plots. The grafted seedlings were transplanted at 365 days after sowing, and the beginning of saline stress applications at 15 days after transplanting, lasting up to the first year, up to 375 days after transplanting. uring this time, the plants were analyzed for growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and yield. The salinity of the irrigation water up to 3.0 dSm-1 can be used in the cultivation of the combinations without causing greater restrictions to fruit lengths except for combinations 3 (TSKC x (LCR x TR) - 059] and 10 (LCRSTC). The combination of tahiti with genotype 8 TSKFL x TRBK - 028 has a higher sensitivity to saline water irrigation and combinations with genotypes 1 [TSKC x (LCR x TR) - 017], 5 [TSKFL x (LCR x TR) 018] and 6 TSKFL x TRBK - 011 present a higher tolerance to salt stress.