Avaliação da qualidade de água através de parâmetros físico-química da água bruta e pós tratamento do açude de Sumé.

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the Sumé’s raw water quality from the reservoir located in the Western Cariri of Paraíba, besides doing the analysis of the treated water which is distributed to the population of Sumé. These samples were collected directly in the reservoir (P1 - point 1) and also at the two final points in the distribution network, the first one with standing water and it is own reservoir (P2 - point 2) and the second one with water without reservoir, directly on the system (P3 - point 3). It was also intended, in this study, to verify the suitability of the analyzed parameters before the standardization required by the current legislation, using the Administrative Rule 2914/2011 of the Ministry of Health and the Resolution 357/2005 of the NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL COUNCIL (CONAMA) . The analyzed parameters consisted of: pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), obtained by the electrometric method; Alkalinity, chlorides, hardness (total, calcium and magnesium), by titrations methods and total iron, nitrogen (nitrate, nitrite and ammonia) following the spectrophotometric method. From the analysis of the results, it was concluded that the water samples of the studied points do not comply with the standards of potability, according to Administrative Rule 2914/11 of the MS and Resolution 357/05 of CONAMA. For the values of pH and nitrate, the results displayed 100% accurated to the VMP, according to Ordinance 2914/11 of the MS and Resolution CONAMA nº 357/2005. The altered parameter values: turbidity, EC, TDS, chloride, hardness, alkalinity, iron, nitrogen (nitrite and ammoniacal); Revealed that there is a large amount of dissolved solids, above potability standards. These results may be caused by both the anthropism and the low water level of the reservoir, as a consequence of the scarcity of precipitation. Finally, it is worth ratifying that a careful and crytical analyzes monitoring should be done considering physical, chemical and microbiological parameters which, although they were not demanded in this research, they are of fundamental importance to attest the quality of water potability.