Avaliação físico- química de água de poços artesianos do sítio Pinhões, Santo André-PB.

Abstract

To evaluate the physical-chemical quality of the waters artesians wells of Sitio Pinhão, located in Santo André, Paraíba, Brazil. These given waters are used for animal dessedentation, watering and irrigation of crops and pastures. For this purpose, the following parameters were used: electrical conductivity, pH, total hardness, chlorides, alkalinity and obtaining the total solids dissolved. Consideration was also given to the comprehensive parameters of CONAMA Resolutions nr. 396, as of 2008, and CONAMA nr. 357, as of 2005, for the same uses of the natural resource. Field reconnaissance visits were carried out, with determination of the geographic coordinates through GPS GarmineTrex10 and information collection through the water collection card, integrated with a semi-structured questionnaire with the community in order to obtain data regarding the acquisition, water use domain, depth, water consumption and catchment situation. The collection records were filled with data on the sample collected, namely: land owner, address, date, time, sample number. For the analysis of alkalinity, hardness and chloride, titration methods were used. PH and electrical conductivity (EC) were determined by the electrometric method, through direct reading. Total dissolved solids (STD) were estimated from the EC results, multiplied by the factor 0.65. The waters of the artesians wells selected for the present research are mainly used for animal dessedentation, watering and/or irrigation of crops and pastures and, in some cases, for domestic use. The artesians wells on the farms were mostly obtained with public resources. A large variation was observed in relation to the depth of the artesians wells, and there was no direct relationship between flow and depth. The results obtained from the present physical-chemical analyzes are fundamental to subsidize the optimization of the use of groundwater and thus help farmers to identify the best way to use the precious resource.