Dinâmica da temperatura da superfície em resposta às alterações na cobertura e uso do solo utilizando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto.

Abstract

The use and ground cover changes constantly suffering, caused by human activities or natural processes. The disorderly urban is considered a worsening climate for change local and possible formation of urban heat islands. The way to verify their formation is through remote sensing, in specific thermal images, identifying the surface temperature and others characteristic as bare soil and area covered with different aterials.Considering the importance of the transformations of land covered and their influence about the surface temperature, was realized a spatio-temporal analysis of some components of energy balance, including net radiation, surface temperature and vegetation index, as well as, the urban impermeable surface (ISA), with the helps of GIS tools (Geographic information system), in order to evaluating the variations depending on land use and land cover in Brasilia - DF. The universe of study comprised the years 1987, 1992, 1997, 2003, 2008 and 2011, where Landsat 5-TM satellite images and the SEBAL algorithm were used. The methodology presented a surface change due to urban growth and agricultural expansion. With vegetation index maps associated with the use and occupation, could be perceived a change in temperature up to 14o C, which is an indicator for climate change and the emergence of possible urban heat islands.