A mobilização social de luta e conquista de terras no cariri paraibano: experiências de posseiros e assentados do assentamento "Zé Marcolino" (2001-2016).

Abstract

This work problematizes the process of social mobilization from the contexts of the settlers and squatters of the Zé Marcolino Settlement, located in the municipalities of Amparo, Sumé and Prata - PB. Our specific objectives were: to situate the MST in the Cariri Paraíba, analyzing the social mobilization of struggle and conquered lands of the settlement "Zé Marcolino" and emphasizing the transformation of society with the conquest of land; To observe, taking as reference the case of the agrovillas Lajinha and Cumaru, the various experiences lived between squatters and settlers; And we also made a study on the irregular sale of land lots and the relation of the settlers' children to the land lots after they became independent of their parents, taking as a reference the case of the Lajinha and Cumaru agrovilas, facing challenges to continue Living in the settlement. We sought theoretical input in the readings undertaken by Albuquerque Jr, Batista, Carvalho, Kauchakje, Lazzaretti and Pereira. The method used was the qualitative analysis of the data. The collection of data was done through a set of sources, such as: books, theses, dissertations, monographs, official documents and memory reports obtained from semi-structured interviews. The studies made it possible to understand that the squatters and settlers had access to land in the study settlement in a quiet way and that their social relations of work were given common paths and alternatives. They also showed that the public policies in the settlement are equally distributed between the two, there is no degree of difficulty that impedes access to public policies. We find that the main reason that the settlers sell their lots in the "Zé Marcolino" settlement, according to the interviewees, is because it is a poor soil settlement that does not have many alternatives for planting, even in rainy times, since they are Few have the financial means to drill wells and electrify their lots. And others because they are from the city and can not concentrate in rural areas. Finally, when it comes to the relationship of young people to the settlement, their parents point out that they feel the need to escape, show a social and economic fragility in which many of the children depend on the parcels of their parents. The research shows that, although the children of the settlers of the settlement "Zé Marcolino" have an interest in continuing in the settlement, they do not receive support from INCRA.