Modelagem e simulação de um reator de craqueamento térmico do 1,2-dicloroetano.

Abstract

The vinyl chloride monomer (MVC) raw material used to obtain the polyvinyl chloride (PVC), is commercially produced on a large scale by thermal decomposition of 1,2dichloroethane (EDC) inserted into a tubular reactor in an oven industrial. PVC has applications ranging from medical products and food containers to high-tech parts like those used in space equipment. The main problem faced in the operation is the formation of a layer of coke inside the reactor which limits the time of operation. The present work is the development of mathematical models for predicting the behavior of reactor thermal cracking of EDC. A total of three models were formulated, the first model was used to structure the algorithm and the overall analysis of the methodology used. In the second model a more complex reaction kinetics involving radicals and stable compound was implemented, coke deposition was found which allowed to estimate their impact on production time and the process variables such as pressure, temperature and conversion. The last model was developed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and provided the distributions in the radial direction and along the reactor for the process variables. The results of all the models are in agreement with industrial data available. Models I and II can be used for testing the process without the need of using pilot unit and as a starting point to optimize the cracking furnaces while the CFD model study can contribute to improvements in the design of this type reactor.