Revisão de literatura: alimentos e raças de vacas leiteiras.

Abstract

Brazil is a country with large territory. From north to south lies a wide range of climates with distinct regional characteristics, ie different precipitation and temperature regimes. In the Northeast the rainy season has low rainfall, distributed in a few months, featuring a semiarid climate that spans all the Northeastern states. This region is characterized by a dry tropical climate with average annual rainfall around 700 mm, average air temperature located generally between 20 ° C to 38 ° C with variations down or up the middle. The semi-arid region, has a humid or rainy season from 4 to 6 months, in which pastures are abundant and of good nutritional quality, followed by a dry season 6 to 8 months with a reduction in the carrying capacity of these pastures in due to the reduction in the availability and quality of forage, due to their lignification. In the world there is about a thousand animal husbandry breeds of cattle, of which 250 000 have some numerical or historical importance in terms of producing meat, milk or both. We also studied the types of foods used in cattle feed in the dry season as: Urea, Cassava, Palma, the elephant grass, the Xique-xique.