Análise da contaminação ambiental de reservatórios aquáticos por meio da atividade da acetilcolinesterase humana.

Abstract

The dumping of chemical substances from improper disposal of solid waste is responsible for high concentrations of toxic substances in aquatic environment. Most small cities do not have adequate location for waste disposal, consequently, dumps are being used. The toxic substances in waste are exposed in the soil and percolate reaching groundwater and water reservoirs. Enzymatic in vitro tests for analysis of water contaminated by organophosphate pesticides and heavy metals has been the subject of numerous studies due to the high sensitivity and efficiency. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the waters of the Center for Sustainable Development in Semi-Arid (CDSA) reservoirs receive contaminants originating from the Sumé city’s dump. For this we used a biological method to detect inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using water samples at two reservoirs in CDSA. In this in vitro test using as inhibitor of water collected at reservoirs, the decrease of the catalytic activity of the enzyme AChE was detected in human serum. At Reservoir 1, the value of AChE inhibition was 32.73% and 19.45% at Dam 2. Therefore, it can be stated that the CDSA´s reservoirs are contaminated, from the municipal dump, by substances that inhibit acetylcholinesterase. Furthermore, the use of a human bioindicator allowed direct inference of risks to public health.