Influência da desclinação no efeito Hall quântico inteiro.

Abstract

By applying a magnetic field perpendicular to a two-dimensional conductive plate traversed by electrical current, we found a deviation of electric charges to one of the edges. Thus, theotheredgewillbeelectricallychargedwithoppositesigntothefirst. Thispotential difference emerged across is called Hall voltage. The cross-resistance to the passage of current is called Hall resistance and this resistance varies linearly with the intensity of the magnetic field. When we apply a magnetic field very intense and attemperatures close to absolute zero, we observe the Hall resistance quantization. Such quantization is defined by the Landau levels. As topology influences the physical properties of the material, in this study we investigated the Hall conductivity of a gas with electrons at an interface with disclination, in the presence of a constant orthogonal magnetic field. These types of defects induce a singular average curvature, positive or negative. The positive curvature decreases the size of the plateau and it changes the step in Hall conductivity, displacing each step to less intense magnetic fields. Opposed, the negative curvature takes the existence of two types of plateaus, one with larger size and one with smaller size in comparison with the case plan. Also in this case, there are displacements of the steps of the Hall conductivity for higher magnetic fields. We investigated the Hall conductivity for electrons around a distribution of cylindrical symmetry with disclination and we found a relation with the individual effective disclination