Avaliação ambiental da remoção do corante reativo BF-5G utilizando argila esmectita como adsorvente.

Abstract

Contamination of natural fish has been one of the major problems of society, due to the lack of population growth and the increase in industrial activity. This arrangement occurs in large part of the textile species, which are responsible for releasing effluents with high staining, due to the presence of dyes in them. Several issues involve effluent treatment plants, especially the low level of removal efficiency. The data plan has been made with the objective of seeking new materials for electric power generation. BF-5G and the natural sodium bentonite clay (BSN-01), respectively, were used in the preparation of the adsorbent and the best adsorbent in the beware of that work. This research aimed to characterize the natural BSN-01 by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence by dispersive energy (FRX-ED) and physical adsorption of nitrogen. After the characterization of the clay under study the adsorbent was evaluated in the process of removal of reactive blue dye BF-5G of a synthetic effluent, using a finite bath system. The tanks were separated at concentrations of 25ºC, which allowed the total energy removal (% Rem) and dye removal ability without equilibrium (qeq) by means of experimental planning, with two independent variables (mass and time) with two levels and three repetitions in the center. An evaluation for the demonstration of a synthetic synthesis sample was carried out using the Oxygen Chemical Demand (COD) method that followed the precepts of APHA (1998). A combination of the DRX, FRX-ED and physical adsorption of N2 demonstrated that BSN-01 is basically formed by smectite, kaolinite and quartz. Regarding the efficiency no process of removal of the reactive blue dye BF-5G, the adsorbent used clay BSN-01) and the quality of wood core adsorbent. The results of the COD analyzes, comparing the effluent (50mg.L-1) with the BSN-01, made it possible to obtain a COD reduction of up to 57.1%, proving that the use of BSN -01 for dye removal BF-5G is also effective in chemical oxygen demand. In this way, the natural BSN-01 was efficient in the process of removing the reactive effluent, as well as in the COD, having been an economically viable alternative to its low cost and its extensions in the national territory.