Dinâmicas migratórias de trabalhadores de São José de Piranhas- Paraíba, para o corte de cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo.

Abstract

The sugarcane agroindustry plays a prominent role in the socioeconomic molding and in the Brazilian territory. Its modernization process over the centuries, from the colonization to the present day, has contributed to and contributes to the consolidation of the strong socioeconomic disparities in the regions of the country. It is in this context of inequality of access to work and income that thousands of Northeastern people, including workers living in the city of São José de Piranhas in Paraíba, are obliged to migrate annually to the sugarcane harvest in the State of Sao Paulo. This displacement presents itself as a survival strategy of these subjects, as well as the possibility of reproduction of these conditions in the own land of origin, thus enabling their permanence together with the family group. These labor-seeking migrations are seasonal, and are subordinated to the interests of the reproduction of capital. With this, this research aims to understand how temporary migrations occur in the context of the city of São José de Piranhas in this new period of restructuring of sugar cane agroindustry in São Paulo in the 21st century. In order to succeed in the proposed objective, we used bibliographical and documentary research, as well as oral history and participant research, together with interviews containing 24 questions, with 30 cutters residing in the municipality, in the year 2017. These interviews sought to outline the profile of these subjects, and understand this expulsion within the context of the research space. It was verified that this phenomenon happens mainly because of the impossibility that these subjects have to access to the work in the municipality, and for this reason they are forced to migrate, added to the incapacity of the social programs, as the only alternative to keep them on earth. It is hoped that this study can enrich the understanding about this phenomenon, as well as contribute to future strategies of generation of work and income, allowing the permanence of these workers in their place.