CANDIDO, I. S. C.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9040657549898370; CÂNDIDO, Inaldo dos Santos Casado.
Abstract:
Leukemias are hematological neoplasms characterized by irregular
proliferation of immature progenitor cells from hematopoiesis. Once installed, the
pathology progresses rapidly, requiring that treatment be started soon after
diagnosis. According to data from the National Cancer Institute (INCA), for the
biennium 2018-2019, an estimated 10,800 new cases of patients diagnosed with
some form of leukemia in Brazil are estimated. Recently, the possibility of treating
hematological malignancies, such as lymphoid and myeloid leukemias (chronic and
acute), from a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has allowed remission of the
disease in several patients. This study aimed to characterize lymphoid and myeloid
leukemias, their incidence in Brazil and the Northeast, as well as the usual therapies
and the increasing use of stem cell therapy, analyzing its positive and negative
points. For the execution of this work, a bibliographic survey on leukemias was
carried out, emphasizing lymphoid and myeloid leukemias using the Pubmed
database. Articles published in the last 10 years were considered. Leukemias are
classified into four specific types: chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute
lymphoid leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and acute
myelogenous leukemia (AML). Recently, approximately 13,470 cases of leukemia
have been diagnosed throughout Brazil. Only 3,080 cases were reported in the
Northeast region. There are several therapeutic procedures already available for use
in individuals with some type of leukemia. However, there are a number of cases that
are resistant to accessible therapies. Chemotherapy remains the classic treatment for
various types of malignant neoplasms. There are four types of transplantation
involving the use of stem cells for the treatment of leukemias. They are Autogenic,
allogenic, syngeneic and haploidentical. It is notorious the number of cases that have
already benefited after being submitted to a treatment of this species. However, we
can not disregard the deficiencies still present in this therapy.