Estudo das vulnerabilidades agroambientais frente aos eventos Enos e a construção social dos riscos em municípios do cariri ocidental - Paraíba: uma análise comparativa.

Abstract

The ENOS (El Nino and La Nina) events impacts on the dynamics of the farming production, on the environmental degradation levels and its influence on the social construction of the risks of the disaster drought, in which base are the environmental, socioeconomic am politic factors ,had been comparatively analyzed in the Cariri Occidental Municipalities - State of Paraiba, aiming to diminish the vulnerability and to qualify the management and the planning of early mitigated actions, responsible for the awareness, prevention and improvement of the capacity reaction of the affected populations by the ENOS event effects. For this, studies on the relations between the annual precipitation indexes, the ENOS years and their effects on the farming production for the period 1970 - 2000, were made. Thematic maps on the space-temporal evolution of the environmental degradation, based on the analyze of the TM/LANDSAT 5 e 7 images for the 1984, 1987, 1996, 1999 and 2001 years are presented, as well the influence of the ground loss on the farming production, aiming to identify the ENOS events dynamic, the agro-environmental vulnerabilities and the risk social construction in the municipalities of Sume, Prata, Ouro Velho and Amparo. A strong influence of ENOS events on the quantitative of the regional farming production, added to the occurrence of a cumulative process of the environmental degradation in all municipalities was evidenced, characterizing their conditions of high vulnerability (unreliability and uncertainties) of the agricultural population.