Erros em prescrições pediátricas no ambiente hospitalar: uma revisão sistemática.

Abstract

The pediatric public due primarily to its intrinsic vulnerability, falls into a population group excluded from clinical trials and is one of the reasons for being considered a potential target for risks of medication errors. Considering that adverse events and possible damages from prescribing errors and medication may be detrimental to patient safety, this study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the literature to identify and describe the prevalence of prescription errors in pediatrics in the hospital. Only articles from cross - sectional studies published in scientific journals in Portuguese, English and Spanish were selected between 2007 and 2018, containing information that could answer the following question: “What is the prevalence of prescribing errors in pediatrics in the hospital environment?”. The searches were carried out in a similar way in the databases, providing a total of 64 articles, of which 5 were included in the inclusion criteria. A total of 2178 prescriptions were analyzed, containing 2897 errors, thus having a prevalence ranging from 58% to 198%. Four of the five articles evaluated dose, totaling 807 errors. Administration frequency errors were evaluated by three articles, which obtained values of 14.8%, 3.2% and 11.8% of errors in this variable, were found problems related to concentration (2.3%), the form (1.15%), route of administration, which presented values of 23.6% and 0.4%, dilution errors that presented significantly different values being 0.3% and 5.6%, another variable presented was the time of infusion that presented 16.5% of the injuries, problems related to illegibility, were of 19.8% and 13.5%. Considering the results, it is noteworthy that studies that provide information on prescribing errors, especially for the pediatric population, are of paramount importance, knowing that these errors bring different aggravations to the patient's safety, thus making the study fundamental and implementation of strategies to reduce these problems.