Vivências de gestantes adolescentes durante a gravidez e o acompanhamento pré-natal

Abstract

Adolescent pregnancy represents a global public health problem. In Brazil, data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics point out that approximately 700,000 adolescents are mothers every year and at least 2% of them are between 10 and 14 years of age. Therefore, it is necessary to pay adequate attention to this adolescent as a way to minimize possible physical or mental complications. However, the health team still faces challenges regarding language adequacy and how they act in the face of such care. Objective: To analyze the experiences of adolescent pregnant women assisted in Family Health units on pregnancy and care received during prenatal care. Method: This is an exploratory research with a qualitative approach, carried out in the Family Health Strategy Units, located in the urban area of the city of Cuité-Paraíba, with 11 pregnant adolescents enrolled in these units and accompanied in prenatal care by the professionals of Cheers. The data collection was carried out from January to March, 2018, through an interview guided by a semi-structured script containing data of identification of subjects and guiding questions on the subject. For the analysis, the content analysis technique was used. Results: The empirical material analysis allowed the construction of the thematic category "Experiences of adolescents during gestation and prenatal care" and three subcategories: "Family support in the face of gestation, Difficulties in the face of gestation and prenatal weaknesses and potentialities. Discussion: Feelings of joy and tranquility are perceived by the support of the partner and the family at that moment. However, although they do not feel alone, they still experience difficulties to continue the routine, mainly in relation to the studies, as well as to accept pregnancy, with surprise at the confirmation, thinking of abortion and even conformism. Regarding the actions implemented in the prenatal consultation, for some participants, it permeates the recommendations of women's health policies, with anamnesis, weight measurement, blood pressure, uterine height, heartbeat beatings, request for exams and notes in the medical record, for others there are weaknesses in educational actions with dissatisfaction with distance to the place of action, as well as absence of auscultation of heartbeat, as well as measurement of uterine height by some professionals, identification of infections and request of examinations as a way to prevent complications for pregnant women and the baby. Conclusion: It was verified from the experience of adolescent pregnant women the need for health professionals to be able to offer a care concatenated the needs of this public with interventions that allow the adolescent confidence to express feelings and clarify doubts. Therefore, strengthen the bond and promote adolescent-child-family care in the context of integrality in health.