Remoção de metais pesados (Zn, Pb, Zn/Pb) utilizando como adsorvente a argila Brasgel organofilizada.

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to conduct an investigation on the performance of Brasgel organoclay as an adsorbent in the process of removing heavy metals (zinc, lead and zinc / lead). This work was conducted in two stages, the 1st step was to prepare the clay Brasgel organophilic, starting from the clay Brasgel untreated and quaternary ammonium salts (chloride, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium (Dodigen) chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium (Praepagen WB) individually as well as mixture of two salts). The clays with and without treatment (organoclays) were characterized by spectrophotometry Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy in the Region (IV), Thermal Analysis differential and thermogravimetric (DTA / TG). By X-ray diffraction, it was verified that the synthesis of organoclays were effective in achieving the desired materials, regardless of the quaternary ammonium salt used. The 2nd part aimed at evaluating the removal of Pb, Zn and Pb / Zn in the solution prepared in the laboratory using a finite bath system and having as adsorbent clays: Brasgel untreated and organophilic. Tests in a finite bath system were performed according to a full factorial experimental design with 22 + 3 experiments in three central point using Minitab Software 15.0, evaluating the influence of selected factors: pH ranging from 3.0 to 5.0 and concentration of metal (Zn, Pb and Zn / Pb) ranging from 10 to 50 ppm, in relation to the response variables: total removal of responses Percentage (% Rem) and Capacidadede Removal in equiíibrio (EQF). The results indicate that the removal of heavy metals (Zn 2 + and Pb 2 +) in finite bath system showed better results in all experiments for clay Brasgel untreated.