SILVA, J. L. A.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3482495774277320; CARVALHO, Jacqueline Liedja Araujo Silva.
Résumé:
Brazil has one of the largest dairy cattle herds in the world. However, despite being among
the major world producers of milk, the national dairy industry is quite heterogeneous. Part
of some regions such as the Brazilian Northeast, is still under development to meet the
standards of quality and quantity and get the competitive market, such as the municipality
of Pombal, to be located in the backlands of Paraiba, the present study area, which is
recognized statewide for its dairy potential. In this context, this study aims to make an
analysis of the sustainability of dairy cattle of Pombal, in their institutional (technological),
social, economic and environmental aspects. For the execution of this study, site visits and
application of semi-structured questionnaires, 50 dairy farmers, belonging to thirty- two
rural areas of this municipality were necessary. From the responses, indicators were
calculated using the method of UNDP / UN (1998), whose results ranged from 0 (zero) to
100 (one hundred) and were divided into four grades of sustainabilities: critical, poor ,
good or excellent. Then applied to the mathematical formula called GSI (Global
Sustainability Index) developed by González and Carvajal (2002 ). When the result of the
IGS is less than or equal to 50%, the activity is presented in the field of unsustainability
will be more sustainable and close to 100% . The results presented in the institutional
dimension ratios of 37%, the social dimension in 58%, both considered bad grades
sustainability. In the environmental dimension ratios of 60%, both considered good grades
for sustainability and ultimately the economic dimension with grade 36% in bad for the
sustainability level . The calculated IGS was 47.74% which can not be considered
sustainable. Thus, the results identify that the dairy cattle production, Pombal, needs
attention, most public policies for the sector , not only in economics but also in social and
environmental dimensions, enabling improvements in the quality of life of those involved,
but also to conserve natural resources.
