Fitorremediação e gessagem em solo afetado por sais.

Abstract

Brazil's Northeast region is characterized by semi-arid climate, and the precipitated volumes usually lower than the evaporation and, making use of vital irrigation for sustainable agricultural production, however, inadequate irrigation management linked to local conditions, has favored processes salinization and sodification soils, promoting the degradation and abandonment of extensive formerly productive areas. Among the areas affected by salts in this region, we highlight the Irrigated Perimeter of São Gonçalo - PB in soil degradation situation with salt problems and this gave rise to the filing of study methods and techniques aimed at improving the physical and chemical characteristics ground. The experiment was installed in previously identified area as saline-sodic soil possessed in the Irrigated Perimeter of São Gonçalo, and the recovery was made of the application of methods and phytoremediation technique with herb-salt (Atriplex moneywort L.), grass crow's foot bath (Eleusine indica L.), Salsa - Brava (Ipomoea asarifolia L.) and Agricultural Gypsum. The survey consisted of eight treatments, with four replications, the treatments were subjected to a randomized block design (RBD), with the following treatments: i) atriplex cultivation; ii) grass-foot-chicken farming, iii) salsa culture, iv) soil with gypsum; v) application of gypsum associated with atriplex cultivation; vi) application of gypsum associated with grass growing chicken's foot; vii) application of gypsum associated with the parsley cultivation and viii) soil without management (control), a total area of 62 m² conducted under field conditions in portions of 1.40 x 1.40 m. With this study we intend to recover salt affected soil, using an alternative method more economically viable and sustainable through plants capable of extracting soil excess salts.